Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication of metformin use. It typically occurs in patients who are diabetic and also have other risk factors ...

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare, toxic demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system associated with chronic alcoholism and malnutrition. The clinical presentation is varied and non ...

Emphysematous gastritis is a rare disease characterised by air in the wall of the stomach due to gas-forming microorganisms. This is a highly lethal entity for which only prompt diagnosis and ...

A 60-year-old man recently admitted for bipedal oedema, endocarditis and a persistently positive COVID-19 swab with a history of anticoagulation on rivaroxaban for atrial fibrillation, transitional ...

A 26-year-old woman was sent to the emergency room by her primary care physician for a new petechial rash and thrombocytopenia 2 weeks after receiving the Moderna mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Her ...

Diode lasers are one of the most widely used modalities in soft tissue dental surgery. Recent advancements have expanded the clinically useful emission spectrum of diode lasers to include the blue ...

A man in his early 60s presented with dysphagia and odynophagia. He was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. During his hospital stay, he developed a productive cough and ...

Thymoma is a rare tumour originating from the thymic epithelial cells. Here, we present a rare case of thymoma in a female patient in her early 60s, who presented for a clinical emergency. The tumour ...

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) are rare but severe immune-mediated diseases with overlapping clinical ...

Bochdalek hernias (BHs), though rare, are the most common congenital diaphragmatic hernias. Their coexistence with an ectopic intrathoracic kidney (IK), found in 0.25% of cases, is even rarer. Most ...

Cholesteatoma of the paranasal sinus is a very rare condition. As in the tympanomastoid region where cholesteatomas are a common entity, the paranasal sinus cholesteatomas also tend to erode the ...

We present a case of unilateral, secondary open-angle glaucoma due to an underlying diffuse iris melanoma. The patient was referred by his ophthalmologist with uncontrolled, elevated intraocular ...