The bill, which Republicans will be working to pass over the next several weeks, is the centerpiece of Trump's legislative agenda.

The most drastic change is not just to collection enforcement, but to the entire structure of the federal student loan system. Republicans in Congress, backed by Trump, have put forward a reform plan called the Student Success and Taxpayer Savings Plan, which would take effect July 1, 2026.

Hundreds of thousands of older Americans whose decades-old debts now put them at risk of having their Social Security checks garnished.